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GalacNet FaQ and Help Archives
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Server Administration Help - Common Configuration files in a Linux Server
Below is a short list of Configuraton files that are normally found in a Linux Server.
SHELL DEFAULTS
/etc/bashrc
- system-wide default functions and aliases for the bash shell
/etc/profile
- system-wide defaults for bash shell, including system-wide environment variables.
ADMINISTRATIVE SETTINGS
/etc/passwd
- contains passwords and other information concerning users
who are registered to use the system.
It can be modified by root directly, but it is preferable to use a configuration utility
such as passwd to make the changes.
A corrupt /etc/passwd file can easily render a Linux box unusable.
/etc/shadow
- contains "shadow" information for the passwd file, i.e.,
the information pieces which "the world" does not have permission to read.
/etc/group
- similar to /etc/passwd but for groups.
/etc/crontab
- setup for "cron", which runs commands periodically (hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, etc.).
/etc/inittab
- runs different programs and processes on startup.
/etc/issue
- message that accompanies login prompt. This is often overwitten by the rc.local script.
/etc/issue.net
- same as above, but used when login is attempted over the network.
/etc/motd
- "message of the day" file, displayed after a user logs in.
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
- the last script to execute on the system bootup. I put the commands which customize
my local machine at the end of this file. It works like DOS "autoexec.bat".
NETWORK CONFIGURATION
/etc/hosts
- contains a list of host names and absolute IP addresses.
/etc/hosts.allow
- hosts allowed to access Internet services
/etc/hosts.deny
- hosts forbidden to access Internet services
/etc/resolv.conf
- setups for a list of domain name servers used by the local machine
/etc/inetd.conf
- configures the inetd daemon to tell it what TCP/IP services your machine should run.
/etc/exports
- specifies hosts to which file systems can be exported using NFS (network file system).
man exports contains information on how to set up this file for remote users.
HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
/etc/conf.modules
- setup for the linux kernel modules. Modules are like "device drivers" under MS Windows or DOS.
/etc/fstab
- contains information on partitions and filesystems used by system to mount different partitions
and devices on the directory tree.
/etc/mtab
- shows currently mounted devices and partitions and their status.
/etc/lilo.conf
- configuration file for lilo boot loader.
/boot/grub/grub.conf - configuration file for grub boot loader.
/etc/printcap
- setup for printers.
/etc/termcap
- ASCII database defining the capabilities and characteristics of different consoles,
terminals, and printers. You typically don't want to change these.
/etc/X11/XF86Config
- X configuration file. For XFree version 4.xx, the file is /etc/X11/XF86Config-4
(if it does not exist, then XF86Config is tried).
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